We all know, to produce a piece of fabric, yarn, fabric designer in accordance with the technical requirements, according to certain rules of combination, weaving can be formed. That only nanofibers with a hair diameter of 1,500 percent can be "obedient" like yarns and weave fabrics as required? How to weave these ultrafine nanofibers in the same pattern as the weaving machine has always been a problem for scientists in the field of electrospinning. Recently, the reporter learned from the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences that they have been able to make use of advanced electrospinning technology to make the non-invisible nanofibers "obedient" and to "weave" twill according to the wishes of scientists , Rings and even Chinese knot, Scottish plaid and other designs, and scientists have tried a variety of materials, can "weave" a regular pattern of nano-cloth. Current Liang Feng will be the guest room, we invited the R & D personnel of this technology - Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changjiang, asked him to introduce the technology research and development and application areas. Moderator: Please tell us what is the electrospinning technology? Changjiang: Electrospinning technology is the use of polymer solution (or melt) under the action of the electric field jet to prepare a new type of nanoscale ultrafine fibers processing methods. A common electrospinning device consists of three main components: a high-voltage power supply, a reservoir with a conductive spinneret and a collector. When the instrument is working, a high pressure is applied to the spinneret, which creates an electric field between the high pressure nozzle and the low pressure accumulator. When the voltage increases to a certain extent, the solution overcomes the surface tension under electrostatic repulsion And viscoelastic forces are ejected from the spinneret and form a jet that is gradually refined as it travels to the receiver while the solvent is volatilized to eventually form the electrospun fibers on the collector. The diameter of these filaments is generally only 50 to 500 nanometers. At 50 nanometers, their thickness is only about one-fifteenth percentile of a hair's diameter. Moderator: Compared to the previous electrospinning technology, this time to make nanofibers become "obedient" What is the key? Chang Jiang: Our current technology is more precisely called "Controllable Electrospinning Technology" because our research has found that the deposition and arrangement of fibers are mainly controlled by two forces, one of which is found in the spinneret The electric field force generated by the electrostatic field between the receiver and the receiver, when the electrospun fibers run toward the receiver under the action of the electric field force and close to the collector, the electrostatic charge on the fiber surface will induce the collector surface to have the opposite polarity Static charges, attracting each other between the opposite charge to produce Coulomb's gravity, which is another important force that we mentioned affect the fiber deposition and alignment. Therefore, in order to "spin-ins" the deposition and alignment of the spun fibers, it is necessary to control these two important influencing factors. Using this principle, we have designed and used collection templates with different structures to control the forces that affect fiber deposition and alignment, and fabricated electrospun fiber scaffolds with complex and controllable patterned and braided structures. This is a big step forward than the previous fiber orientation control technology. As the controllability of the pattern and the woven structure is further enhanced, the nanofibers become "obedient", which also brings a broader application prospect to the electrospinning technology. Moderator: At present, this kind of nanofibers are taken from what material? Chang Jiang: We have now tried to use a variety of materials, such as polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc. can be made into a controllable patterned and woven structure of the electrospun fiber material. Moderator: In what areas can play its greatest role? Chang Jiang: In detail, the field of application is very wide. For the time being, electrospun nanofibers have very big application prospect in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. For example, electrospun fibers made of polymer materials that are well compatible with tissue may be used as artificial blood vessels, artificial skin, artificial bone materials to repair such tissue defects. In addition, there are potential markets for electrospun nanofibers in electronics, catalysis, aerospace, garments and other industries. Moderator: How is it used in the medical field? Changjiang: As the structure of the spun nanofiber and the natural extracellular matrix is ​​very similar, has a good hole structure, and has a certain intensity and stability, but also easy to manufacture, which is human body tissue regeneration is ideal One of the scaffold materials. In the cartilage, bone, blood vessels, heart, nerve and other tissue engineering has a very wide range of applications. Often when the patient has organ and tissue damage, we generally use autograft or allograft to repair or replace trauma and defect, but this method often has the disadvantages of insufficient donor or abnormal reaction. In the near future, we may combine electrospinning with tissue engineering to repair human tissue damage. The specific method is to make the cell scaffold by electrospinning according to the shape or the shape of the tissue or organ that the patient needs to replace or repair and then extract the corresponding seed cell from the patient and place it on the previously prepared cell scaffold for culturing. Since the electrospun scaffolds made from biodegradable materials not only shape them during the growth of new skin organs or tissues, but also provide appropriate space for the biological activities of the cells and generate certain stimulating effects. Here it is important to point out that using the "controllable" techniques described above, we can design collection templates to prepare electrospun fibrous materials with a certainly controlled and patterned structure, and to stimulate cell production by controlling the microstructure of the scaffolds to be more excellent Biological response. With the proliferation and differentiation of cells, tissues and organs gradually formed until the defect was completely repaired, while the scaffold material gradually degraded. As a result, the patient is reborn and the electrospun scaffold that serves as a growth substrate fulfills its mission. Guest Profile: Chang Jiang, PhD, researcher, doctoral tutor. In 1982 graduated from Northwestern Light Industry College. In 1985 to Germany to study abroad, in 1991 in Germany Darmstadt University received a doctorate. April 1991 to June 1993 at the German Luxer Medical University postdoctoral research. From July 1993 to June 1997, he was a researcher at the University of Auckland in New Zealand. From 1997 to 1999, he was hired as a research assistant professor at New York University in the United States. From 1999 to 2000 in the United States Johnson & Johnson injury repair center as a researcher. December 2000 by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, "the introduction of foreign outstanding talent" (Hundred Talents Fund), candidates for return, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Ceramics researcher. In recent years, he has undertaken and completed a number of national and local research projects, including the national "973" project, the major basic research projects in Shanghai (Chief Scientist), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (as project leader), the important direction of knowledge innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sex Project (chief scientist) and so on. The main research areas: biomedical materials. Over the past 5 years, SCI has published more than 100 academic papers and applied for 30 invention patents, of which over 10 have been authorized.